https://blog.muralikannan.com/posts/ Recent content in All Articles on Murali Kannan's Blog Hugo -- gohugo.io https://blog.muralikannan.com/ai-memory-architecture-a-practical-design-guide-for-context-aware-systems/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/ai-memory-architecture-a-practical-design-guide-for-context-aware-systems/ Introduction You’ve probably heard the term “context engineering” or “memory architecture” in AI lately. And you might have thought “Oh it’s about how we’re building memory into language models.But memory isn’t being built into the LLM itself.It never will be at least not in the way you’re probably imagining. Instead memory architecture is about something fundamentally different it’s about the systems we build around a fundamentally stateless model to give it the appearance of memory. https://blog.muralikannan.com/ai-native-system-design-architecture/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/ai-native-system-design-architecture/ Introduction Cloud native architecture was designed to solve the scaling problem.How to handle 10x more users without everything falling apart. Microservices, containers and APIs that survive when components fail. But AI Native architecture solves the adaptation problem how to build systems that learn, remember and intelligently respond to complex multi step workflows. Picture this: You walk into a doctor’s office but the doctor has no memory. Every time you speak it’s like meeting him for the first time. https://blog.muralikannan.com/cloud-native-apps/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/cloud-native-apps/ WHAT IS A CLOUD NATIVE APP We know the cloud. It’s there available as public, private, or hybrid cloud. It provides a whole bunch of services that we can consume out of the box. Cloud Native is a methodology for building modern-day applications by harnessing the power of the cloud to enable our systems to be resilient, manageable & observable. HOW DO WE DO IT? Right from the beginning, the application is sculpted for running on the cloud. https://blog.muralikannan.com/code-server-on-docker/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/code-server-on-docker/ IDEs IDEs (Integrated Development Environments) are an integral part of every programmer’s tool stack.IDEs give us all the necessary tools required for a programmer to write, debug & compile the source code for a given programing language. There are plenty of IDEs out there designed for specific purposes. We all are familiar with IntelliJ, Eclipse, Android Studio, Xcode, VSCode, etc. The usual way is to download the IDE into our local machine for our operating system, install, configure & use it. https://blog.muralikannan.com/container-anti-patterns/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/container-anti-patterns/ Containers have become the de facto standard for packaging and deploying applications these days. Since many of us come from a Virtual Machine background for building and deploying applications, we often overlook containers as just a VM replacement and try to apply VM practices to the containers. However, containers are not just a drop-in replacement for VMs since they serve a whole different purpose. These tiny self-contained components promote portability, efficiency, scalability, and security, as per the Open Container Initiative (OCI), which is the international governing body for setting container standards. https://blog.muralikannan.com/csr-vs-ssr-vs-ssg/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/csr-vs-ssr-vs-ssg/ THE INTERNET The Internet has come a long way since its inception and for nearly three decades we have seen websites that just display static content to real-time video calling, 3d games, VR worlds, DAWs, Video Editors, etc.. all rendered inside a web browser. Things have changed a lot in the meantime and we have multiple design patterns to architect our web-based applications. As we are heading towards the next standard web. https://blog.muralikannan.com/docker-networks/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/docker-networks/ DOCKER NETWORK A docker network is an integral part of docker that provides us the facility to create virtual network interfaces inside our host machine or span over multiple hosts to attach multiple containers and enable communication between them. Docker provides us with 6 types of networks. bridge host overlay none macvlan ipvlan Let’s take a look at them in detail. BRIDGE NETWORK A Bridge network is the default network created by docker if you don’t specify a type of network while spinning up the containers. https://blog.muralikannan.com/docker-registry-and-self-hosting-our-own-registry/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/docker-registry-and-self-hosting-our-own-registry/ DOCKER REGISTRY Docker pull <imagename> is a popular command we all are used to. But when we “pull” any public/private image where does docker magically pulls it from? It’s from the docker registry Docker Hub. Docker Hub is a well-known cloud-based docker registry maintained by Docker. It is a centralized public distribution center for Docker container images. Anyone is free to use Docker Hub to upload and distribute their docker container images. https://blog.muralikannan.com/elasticsearch-kibana-using-docker-compose/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/elasticsearch-kibana-using-docker-compose/ DOCKER COMPOSE Docker Compose is a tool that helps us to configure and run multi-container Docker applications. We can define our application’s configuration is a single YAML file and start/stop our multi-container application using a single command. We can configure our application as a bunch of services where each service will spin up as a separate container. We can define docker networks and attach our containers to a network and make them communicate with each other. https://blog.muralikannan.com/gpt-3/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/gpt-3/ GPT-3 GPT-3 (Generative Pre-training Transformer 3) is a state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) model developed by OpenAI. It is the third generation of the GPT series of models and has significantly improved capabilities compared to its predecessor models. GPT-3 is a machine learning model that has been trained on a very large dataset of human-generated text, including books, articles, and websites. As a result, it has learned the patterns and structures of human language and can generate text that is similar to human-written text. https://blog.muralikannan.com/hypervisors-vs-containers/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/hypervisors-vs-containers/ Let’s talk about abstraction. On a high level Hypervisors abstracts the hardware & allows us to run multiple Operating Systems where Containers abstracts the Operating System Kernel and allows us to run multiple applications. It’s a very deep topic with lots of moving parts but let’s just understand the difference between Hypervisors & Containers in this post. Hypervisors Hypervisors are systems that either run on top of a bare metal (physical) server or inside a host Operating System and enables Hardware Virtualization which can be used to run multiple operating systems completely isolated from each other on top of it. https://blog.muralikannan.com/iaas-vs-paas/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/iaas-vs-paas/ Gone are those days when we have to build & manage our own servers. We live in a cloud era where servers / infrastructures can be rented instead of owning, maintaining & upgrading them. We often come across these cloud computing service model terms such as IaaS, PaaS, SaaS quite often. what do they actually mean ? Are they any different from each other ? What should I choose ? https://blog.muralikannan.com/lockbit-the-notorious-ransomware-group/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/lockbit-the-notorious-ransomware-group/ Picture a world where every keystroke is a potential landmine, and every click could trigger a cascade of consequences.In the darkened underbelly of the digital realm, where shadows dance across lines of code and encryption serves as both fortress and weapon, emerges a cyber saga that sends shivers down the spine of cybersecurity experts worldwide.Let’s delve into the tale of Lockbit Ransomware group – a nefarious force that transcends mere lines of binary to orchestrate a symphony of chaos in the interconnected web of our modern age. https://blog.muralikannan.com/multi-stage-docker-build/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/multi-stage-docker-build/ ROCKET SCIENCE Let’s talk about rocket science for a bit now. We have seen rockets carrying payloads into orbit. If you notice the design of the rocket the payload usually resides at the top and the propulsion system will be made of multiple stages. Once a propulsion stage is fired up and exhausted it will be discarded letting go of the extra mass which will help the payload escape from the earth’s atmosphere with ease. https://blog.muralikannan.com/object-detection-using-tensorflow-and-node-js/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/object-detection-using-tensorflow-and-node-js/ INTRODUCTION In this post, we are going to build a full stack web application to detect multiple objects in an image using pre-trained machine learning models. We will be programming the server-side and the client-side using javascript (ES6+) in NodeJs and we will be using TensorFlow for implementing Machine Learning in our application. Our final application is going to look something like this. We can upload an input image and our app will detect the objects in the image and outputs the final image with objects highlighted by bounding boxes and a label. https://blog.muralikannan.com/quantum-safe-cryptography/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/quantum-safe-cryptography/ Quantum Computing Quantum computers leverage quantum mechanics to solve certain mathematical problems exponentially faster than classical computers. Algorithms like Shor’s could render widely used cryptographic methods such as RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography obsolete. Experts suggest that the first quantum-enabled cryptographic breaches might occur as early as 2030 posing a serious threat to global information infrastructure. Almost everything you do on a computer today relies on cryptography from protecting emails and medical records to safeguarding financial transactions and critical infrastructure. https://blog.muralikannan.com/understanding-docker/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/understanding-docker/ WHY DOCKER Softwares are typically built using different programming languages, frameworks & dependencies. During development, we generally set up our environment by installing our desired programming language, frameworks & dependencies in our Pc or Mac and start development. When we want to run our application in other machines for development or deployment we need to recreate our environment each time. This will become even more complicated when we work with microservice architectures. https://blog.muralikannan.com/unlocking-rag-architecture-essential-design-patterns-for-retrieval-augmented-generation-systems/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/unlocking-rag-architecture-essential-design-patterns-for-retrieval-augmented-generation-systems/ Introduction Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has evolved from an experimental paradigm to a production ready architecture powering enterprise AI systems worldwide. Large Language Models (LLMs) have inherent limitations such as knowledge cutoffs their training data freezing at a certain point meaning they cannot access events or information beyond that time.Moreover they lack direct access to external or real time data making it challenging to provide up to date contextually rich answers. https://blog.muralikannan.com/web-assembly/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://blog.muralikannan.com/web-assembly/ WEB ASSEMBLY WebAssembly, or WASM for short, is the game-changer that is revolutionizing the web development world. Imagine being able to run high-performance, low-level code directly in the browser, without the need for any plugins or downloads. That’s exactly what WebAssembly makes possible. This cutting-edge technology is designed to enable the compilation of high-level languages such as C, C++ and Rust, making it the perfect choice for creating complex web applications, from 3D games to interactive visualizations, and from blockchain clients to scientific simulations.